Crinkled surface coating



Patented Feb. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES cum summon cos-rum Karel Toll, Passaic. N. 1., assignor, by means assignments, to Chadeloid Chemical Company, 15;; York, N. Y., a corporationof West Vir- No Drawing.

'1 Claim.

This invention relates to the preparation of crinkled surface coatings from oil of the character of China-wood oil. More particularly the invention provides a method of heat treating such oils to occasion the formation of a crinkled but unbroken surface when the treated oil is coated upon a suitable semi-porous or non-porousmaterial such as fabric, wood, paper, metal and the like.

The solidification or drying of oils of the character of China-wood oil results from a polymerization of the molecules which may be induced by heat; The reaction starts at about 400 F.

but is quite slow at temperatures below 500 F. At the latter temperature the rate of the polymerization reaction is materially increased and continues to increase as the temperature is raised further until an almost instantaneous reaction occurs at 580 F. to 600 F.

' When oils of this character are partially polymerized by heat treatment at a temperature above 400 F. for a period of time insufficient to cause solidification and then cooled, the treated oil may be dried by completing the polymerization in a second heat treatment. The temperature required for this second heat treatment is relatively low and the oil will completely solidify and dry in a reasonably short period of time, which time will depend upon the degree to-which the polymerization of the oil had proceeded in the first heat treatment.

I have discovered that two portions of Chinawood oil that have been subjected separately to different heat treatment may be combined to form a coating mixture which, when dried at temperatures between 100 F. and 200 F., will present a crinkled but unbroken surface of attractive appearance. The heat treatment of the constituent portions of the coating mixture may differ as to temperature of treatment, time of treatment, or both but must always be ofsuch a character that the oil is only partially polymerized. 'The crinkled surface effect is due apparently to the difference in the time required for completing the polymerization of the constituent portions of the coating mixture during the final drying operation. The more completely polymerized portion has the lower density and also requires less time for complete solidification than the remaining portion. Consequently the surface of the coating dries first and forms a flexible surface skin. This skin expands in forming and provides folds into which the still fluid Application November 11,1931, Serial No. 515,041;

prises a series of spaced ridges which give the crinkled effect.

In illustration of the preparation of crinkled surface coatings according to the method of my invention the following examples are presented. It is to be understood, however, that the specific data set forth in these examples of operation is given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation: g l

(1) Fifty gallons of China-wood oil were heat- 10 ed to a temperature of 510 1'. and maintained at this temperature for several hours to form a heavily bodied portion of oil designated as portion A. A second portion of the same oil in the amount of eighty-five gallons was heated sepa- 15 rately to a temperature of 550 F. and cooledimmediately to below 400- F. to form portion B. The two portions, A and B, were then combined and the mixture cooled to below 300 F. for storage.- Subsequently the mixture was coated upon 20 fabric of the oilcloth type and the coating dried at 130 F. m the first half hour of dryingp spaced ridges appeared in the surface of the coating and at the end of six hours the entire coating had dried with a crinkled surface of 5 fairly definite design.

(2) Fifty gallons of China-wood oil were heated for several hours at 550 F. to form portion A of the subsequent coating mixture. Portion B was formed by heating fifty gallons of the same 30 'oil to 550 F. and cooling the batch immediately to below 400 F. Portions A and B were then combined to form a coating mixture which was subsequently applied to a fabric of the oilcloth type, as in Example (1), and the coating when 5 dried, had a crinkled but unbroken surface.

My invention is generally applicable to the preparation of crinkled surface coatings and it is immaterial to the operation thereof whether or not constituents other than the treated 'oils of 4 the China-wood oil type are incorporated into the final coating mixture. In fact, the addition of materials such as coloring pigments is quite desirable since the commercial value of such surface coatings is thereby enhanced I have also found 45 that oils of the type which dry by oxidation, as

- for example soya beanoil, may be included in the coating mixture to advantage. The presence of such oils apparently inhibits any tendency of the g-heat treated China-wood oils to pre-solidify either during the first heat treatment thereof or during storage of the coating mixture. The present invention is therefore concerned with the preparation of any crinkled surface coatingsin which separately and differently heat treated .portions of oil of the China-wood oil type are present.

The following example illustrates the preparation of crinkled surface coatings according to the present invention when it is desired to incorporate in the coating mixture constituents other than and in additiontoChina-wood oil. As in the examples of operation presented hereinbefore, the specific proportions of materials and the sequence of operations set forth in this example are not intended as limitations of the invention.

A mixture of fifty gallons of China-wood oil and twenty-five gallons of soya bean oil was heated for severalhours at 510 F. to form portion A. A second mixture of ninety gallons of China-wood oil and thirty gallons of soya bean oil was heated separately to a temperature of 550 F. and cooled immediately to below 400 F.

to form portion B. Portions A and B were then combined and a coloring pigment known to the trade as chrome green was added to the mixed oils in the amount of 20% by weight. The mixture was thoroughly agitated-to uniformly disperse the coloring pigment throughout the body of oil. It was then coated upon fabric of the oil cloth type and dried at 130 F. to form a surface coating 9. crinkled but unbroken surface.

I claim:

A coating composition for producing crinkled of China-wood oil, separate portions of which have been given different heat treatments at temperatures between 400 and 600 F. to form surface coatings comprising a binder consisting 

